Statement on GM Mustard Trials

 All-India Peoples Science Network

Statement on GM Mustard Trials
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) on 18th October 2022 permitted production
and field testing of hybrid seeds of genetically modified (GM) Mustard named DMH II. Commercial release
of the seeds has still not been allowed pending open field trials. The approval would be for 4 years
extendable depending on compliance with various conditions. The current approval is the most significant
step in India regarding GM food since a moratorium was announced on the release of Bt Brinjal in 2010.
AIPSN notes that many scientists and farmers organizations have expressed serious concerns on
different grounds regarding the GEAC decision.Noting that the GEAC release also specifies that the field
trials would study the impact on pollinators and other insects,AIPSN strongly suggests that such studies be
conducted over a longer period and on a range of other ecological parameters as well.
Concerns have also been expressed about the herbicide-tolerance built-in to the GM hybrid. Whereas
the GEAC release clarifies that the particular “bar” gene is a marker for herbicide tolerance only
during“hybrid seed production… not for cultivation in the farmer’s field under any situation” it would have
been better if seed production trials take place in a controlled rather than in an open environment so as to
assess various risks before conducting open field trials.
AIPSN urges that open field testsif any be conducted with utmost precautions and in carefully
selected locations to ensure strict isolation from neighboring fields of mustard. The trials should be
conducted by public bodies such as ICAR or agricultural universities etc under supervision of an
independent committee of experts from different relevant disciplines including ecologists, eco-toxicologists,
pollination biologists, farmers’ organizations and concerned civil society organizations. The trials should be
conducted with full transparency, and the data generated should periodically be placed in the public domain.
AIPSN welcomes exploration of different kinds of science-based solutions to the problems of
agriculture including the present need to find solutions for low productivity of edible oilseeds and increasing
dependence on imports in India. AIPSN urges the government to also explore a wide variety of diverse
technological optionsincluding bio-technological solutions that are ecologically, socially and economically
viable within the framework of innovation through the public sector research system. Further, in order to
make an immediate dent on production and imports the government should encourage farmers to increase
mustard production by announcing a higher MSP and include mustard oil in the items to be sold through
public distribution system.
AIPSN notes that, in contrast to earlier releases by agri-business corporations, DMH-II has been
developed by a public sector laboratory in Delhi University in collaboration with the National Dairy
Development Board (NDDB). Nevertheless, DMH-II is a hybrid seed which has to be purchased by the
farmer every season, not a variety which can be bred by farmers themselves. So there is concern whether the
technology of seed production, or the production and distribution itself, would remain with PSUs or handed
over to private entities, with possibly adverse effects on prices, availability and access by farmers. AIPSN
urges the government to strengthen the contribution of the public sector in production of mustard seeds also.
Finally, AIPSN urges that any eventual decision on commercial release must be taken after thorough
rigorous assessments of results of these trials and based on a detailed plan for regulatory systems and
institutional framework governing modalities of seed production and distribution, including provisions for
public scrutiny of the same.
For Contact:
Asha Mishra Parthib Basu
General Secretary, AIPSN Convenor, Agriculture Desk, AIPSN
Mobile: 9425302012 Mobile: 9831967500
Email: gsaipsn@gmail.com